THE IMPACT OF THE CRISIS CAUSED BY COVID-19 ON WOMEN'S ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN TOURISM IN SERBIA
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to consider the impact of the crisis caused by Covid-19 on tourism and on women's entrepreneurship in tourism in Serbia. The paper will use the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction, specification and generalization, observation, testing, content analysis, and case study. Based on the available data, it can be concluded that the crisis caused by Covid-19 on the one hand led to (1) the closure of a large number of entrepreneurial companies in the field of tourism, as a result of which a large number of women entrepreneurs lost their jobs; (2) the increased importance of domestic tourism due to the increase in the participation of domestic tourists in total tourist trends. In the future, more attention should be paid to the possibility of training women entrepreneurs in the field of tourism.
Downloads
References
Agencija za privredne registre Republike Srbije (Serbian business registers agency), (2021), http://www.apr.gov.rs, (25 January 2021).
Agency for Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment, (2020), Uticaj COVID-19 pandemije i mera za njeno sprečavanje na preduzetnice u Srbiji [Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures for its prevention on women entrepreneurs in Serbia], https://www.secons.net/files/publications/118-publication.pdf, (29 January 2021).
Bakar, N. A. Rosbi, S. (2020). Effect of Coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) to tourism industry. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science,Vol. 7, No. 4, 189-193.
Baum, T., Hai, N. T. T. (2020). Hospitality, tourism, human rights and the impact of COVID-19. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 32, No. 7, 2397–2407.
Blic, (2020), Preduzetnici u fokusu. Đorđević: Visa je globalno prepoznala značaj malih i srednjih preduzeća, a sada im pomažemo i u Srbiji [Entrepreneurs in focus. Djordjevic: Visa has globally recognized the importance of small and medium enterprises, and now we are helping them in Serbia as well], https://www.blic.rs/biznis/preduzetnici-u-fokusudjordevic-visa-je-globalno-prepoznala-znacaj-malih-i-srednjih/shvw0s2, (09 January 2021).
European Commission, (2020), Factsheet: The EU helps reboot Europe’s tourism, https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/api/files/attachment/865487/factsheet-eu-heps-reboost-tourism-v1.pdf.pdf, (20 January 2020).
Farzanegan, M. R., Gholipour, H. F. Feizi, M., Nunkoo, R. Eslami Andargoli, A. (2020). International tourism and outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19): A cross-country analysis. Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 41, No. 4, 340–347.
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor – GEM, (2019), Women’s entrepreneurship report, https://www.gemconsortium.org/report/gem-20182019-womens-entrepreneurship-report, (09 January 2021).
Gössling, S., Scott, C. D. Hall, M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1-20.
Hoque, A., Shikha, F. A., Hasanat, M. W., Arif, I. Abu Bakar A. H. (2020). The effect of coronavirus (COVID-19) in the tourism industry in China. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1, 52-58.
Ipsos Strategic Marketing, (2020), https://www.ipsos.com/sr-rs, (25 January, 2021).
Ivaniš, M. Pavlović, N. (2017). Universal values and ethical behaviour of hotel management in Croatia, International Journal for Quality Research,Vol. 10, No. 2, 677-690.
Jones, P. Comfort, D. (2020). The COVID-19 crisis, tourism and sustainable development. Athens Journal of Tourism, Vol. 7, No. 2, 75–86.
Kaushal, V. Srivastava, S. (2021). Hospitality and tourism industry amid COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives on challenges and learnings from India. International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 92, 102707.
Koncul, N. (2009). Ekonomika i turizam [Economics and tourism], Mikrorad d.o.o., Zagreb.
Kukić, Z. (2019). Žensko preduzetništvo – kako stojimo? [Women’s entrepreneurship - How do we stand?], https://talas.rs/2019/04/29/zenskopreduzetnistvo/, (16 April 2021).
Madgavkar, A., White, O., Krishnan, M., Mahajan, D. Xavier, A. (2020). COVID-19 and gender equality: Countering the regressive effects, https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/Covid-19-and-gender-equality-countering-the-regressive-effects, (21 January 2020).
Mršević, Z. Janković, S. (2020). Žene preduzetnice Srbije u vreme pandemije virusa korona [Women entrepreneurs of Serbia during the corona virus pandemic]. In P. Jovanović & S. Stojković-Zlatanović (Ed.), Izazovi održivog razvoja u Srbiji i Evropskoj Uniji, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade, 46-63
Pajvančić, M., Petrušić, N., Nikolin, S., Vladisavljević, A. Baćanović, V. (2020). Rodna analiza odgovora na COVID-19 u Republici Srbiji [Gender analysis of responses to COVID-19 in the Republic of Serbia], Misija OEBS-a u Srbiji i Ženska platforma za razvoj Srbije 2014-2020, Belgrade.
Pavlović, N. (2017). The Role of Social participants in the Evaluation of Teachers at Univerity in Serbia, Transylvanian Review, Vol. XXVI, No. 1, 74-90.
Polyzos, S., Samitas, A. Spyridou, A. E. (2020). Tourism demand and the COVID-19 pandemic: an LSTM approach, Tourism Recreation Research.
Popović-Pantić, S. (2014). Žensko preduzetništvo u Srbiji: evolucija od socijalne ka ekonomskoj kategoriji [Women’s entrepreneurship in Serbia: evolution from social to economic category]. Poslovna ekonomija, Vol.8, No. 2, 143-162.
Praščević, A. (2020). Ekonomski šok pandemije Covid-19 – prekretnica u globalnim ekonomskim kretanjima [The economic shock of the Covid-19 pandemic - a turning point in global economic trends]. Ekonomske ideje i praksa, Vol. 37, 7-22.
Qiu, R. T. R., Park, J., ShiNa, L. Haiyan, S. (2020). Social costs of tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 84, 102994.
Responsible Travel, (2020), Women entrepreneurs in tourism. Empowering women through tourism, https://www.responsibletravel.com/holidays/women-entrepreneurs-in-tourism/travel-guide, (15 April 2020).
Ristev-Dušej, T. (2020). Korona virus, turizam i turističke agencije u Srbiji: Svega imamo, ali nemamo izvesnost [Corona virus, tourism and travel agencies in Serbia: We have everything, but we have no certainty], https://www.bbc.com/serbian/lat/srbija-54776805, (15 January 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020a), Tourist turnover – January 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201044.pdf, (01 February 2020).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020b), Tourist turnover – February 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201081.pdf, (01 February 2020).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020c), Tourist turnover – March 2020] https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201111.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020d), Tourist turnover – April 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201132.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020e), Tourist turnover – May 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201175.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020f), Tourist turnover – June 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201205.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020g), Tourist turnover – July 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201238.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020h), Tourist turnover – September 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201290.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020i), Tourist turnover – October 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201319.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2020j), Tourist turnover – November 2020, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2020/Pdf/G20201348.pdf, (01 February 2021).
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, (2021), Tourist turnover – January 2021, https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/Pdf/G20211046.pdf, (27 February 2021).
Stevanović, K. (2021). Korona virus, ugostiteljstvo i turizam u Srbiji "Nije dobro, ali moglo je i mnogo gore" [Corona virus, catering and tourism in Serbia "It's not good, but it could have been much worse"], https://www.bbc.com/serbian/lat/svet-56198019, (16 April 2021).
Trivić, B. (2020). Turizam u Srbiji trpi milionske gubitke [Tourism in Serbia suffers millions in losses], https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/turizam-srbija-pandemija-korona/30558905.html, (03 February 2021).
Turistički svet, (2021), Odgovor na krizu u turizmu uzrokovanu koronavirusom – Jačanje kapaciteta mladih i žena preduzetnica u periodu posle pandemije [Responding to the tourism crisis caused by the coronavirus - Strengthening the capacity of young people and women entrepreneurs in the post-pandemic period], https://www.turistickisvet.com/vesti/obrazovanje/odgovor-na-krizu-uturizmu-uzrokovanu-koronavirusom--jacanje-kapaciteta-mladih-i-zenapreduzetnica-u-periodu-posle-pandemije.html, (15 February 2021).
Vrbanac, M. (2018). Barijere i pokretači ženskog preduzetništva u Srbiji [Barriers and drivers of women's entrepreneurship in Serbia], Univezitet Union – Nikola Tesla, Fakultet za graditeljski menadžment, Beograd.
World Tourism Organization – UNWTO, (2021), International tourism and Covid-19. https://www.unwto.org/international-tourism-and-Covid-19, (08 February 2021).
Worldometers, (2021), Coronavirus update, https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/, (28 February 2021).
Yang, Y., Zhang, H. Chen, X. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 83, 102913.
